Prevalence: Up to 20% of women

Overview: Persistent sadness, loss of joy, fatigue, trouble concentrating, and difficulty bonding with the baby. Can begin before, during, or after pregnancy (27% pre-pregnancy, 33% during pregnancy, 40% postpartum).

Prevalence: ~20% of women (peaks in early pregnancy at 25.5%)

Overview: Severe, persistent worry, fear, panic attacks, racing heart, and inability to sleep. Frequently co-occurs with depression.

Prevalence: 8% prenatal | 17% postpartum

Overview: Unwanted, distressing, intrusive thoughts (often involving harm coming to the baby) paired with compulsive behaviors to relieve the anxiety. Note: Intrusive thoughts are ego-dystonic and do not mean a mother wants to act on them.

Prevalence: 5% to 20% of women

Overview: Triggered by a traumatic childbirth experience involving perceived physical or emotional threat, emergency interventions, or severe loss of control. Symptoms include flashbacks, avoidance, and hyperarousal.

Prevalence: 2.6% new onset | 54.9% recurrence rate for pre-existing diagnoses

Overview: Shifts between depressive states and manic/hypomanic episodes. Poses the highest risk factor for postpartum psychosis.

Prevalence: ~0.1% of births (1 in 1,000)

Overview: A severe, sudden-onset medical emergency involving delusions, hallucinations, and rapid mood changes. Usually presents within 2 weeks postpartum and requires immediate emergency medical intervention.